The predictive value of combined detection of serum calcium ions, random blood glucose and serum CRP/ALB for the severity of early acute pancreatitis

Abstract

Objective  To investigate the predictive value of serum calcium ion (Ca²⁺), random blood glucose (RBG), C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CRP/ALB) for the severity of early acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods  The clinical data of 138 patients with AP who were hospitalized at the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from July 2020 to August 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 99 cases were in the mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) group, and 39 cases were in the non-mild acute pancreatitis (including moderate and severe, NMAP) group. Univariate analysis was conducted on the age, RBG, amylase (AMY), lipase (LPS), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (N), lymphocyte (L), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), sodium(Na⁺), potassium(K⁺),Ca²⁺, serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), fibrinogen (Fib), D-dimer (D-dimer), carbon dioxide combining power (CO₂CP), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin (ALB), procalcitonin to albumin ratio（PCT/ALB）, and CRP/ALB of the two groups. The indicators related to the severity of AP were selected through ROC curve analysis and binary logistic regression analysis. Results  The areas under the ROC curve for Ca²⁺, RBG, and CRP/ALB in predicting the severity of AP were 0.750, 0.697, and 0.864, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that Ca²⁺ [OR = 0.014, 95% CI (0.001, 0.313)], RBG [OR = 1.159, 95% CI (1.024, 1.311)], and CRP/ALB [OR = 1.393, 95% CI (1.186, 1.637)] were independent risk factors for early prediction of AP severity. Conclusion  The lower the Ca²⁺, the higher the RBG, and the higher the CRP/ALB ratio, the greater the possibility of AP patients developing into severe cases. The RBG and CRP/ALB ratio are positively correlated with the severity of the disease in AP patients, while Ca2+ is negatively correlated with the severity of the disease in AP patients.